Les personnes sans autorisation de séjour et les demandeurs d’asile ont-ils droit aux soins dans l’UE ? Synthèse d’une étude sur les législations de 16 pays:
Les demandeurs d'asile peuvent accéder aux soins de santé sur les mêmes bases que les nationaux. Ceci est également valable pour les mineurs non-accompagnés.
Les sans-papiers (les adultes et leurs enfants) n'ont accès gratuitement qu'aux soins de santé primaire, aux soins d'urgence, au planning familial, au traitement de maladies contagieuses (à l'exception du VIH) et aux soins de santé mentale pour les cas graves. Depuis 2004, ils doivent payer la totalité des frais engendrés par tout autre traitement hospitalier ou tout diagnostic, y compris les soins de santé secondaires, les soins en hospitalisation, les soins pré- et post-nataux prodigués à l'hôpital, les médicaments et le traitement du VIH. De plus, l'accès à ces services peut leur être refusé s'ils ne peuvent payer à l'avance et si le traitement peut attendre jusqu'à ce que le/la patient/e ne retourne dans son pays d'origine.
Un obstacle important auquel sont également confrontées les personnes sans autorisation de séjour provient du fait que les médecins généralistes au Royaume-Uni ont le pouvoir discrétionnaire de les inscrire ou non dans le système de santé national (NHS), qui représente la porte d'entrée obligatoire pour bénéficier des quelques droits qui leur sont octroyés.
Télécharger le rapport sur la législation britannique relatif à l'accès aux soins des personnes sans autorisation de séjour et des demandeurs d'asile (en anglais).
Téléchargez la synthèse de l'étude sur la législation relative à l'accès aux soins des personnes sans autorisation de séjour et des demandeurs d'asile dans 16 pays.
"It has come to light that people removed to countries where yellow fever vaccination is mandatory for entry are not given the vaccine. How does the Home Office get round this requirement? (...) Last month, the charity Medical Justice summarised its findings on mistreatment of children in detention centres in its report 'State Sponsored Cruelty': Children in immigration detention. Among 50 children facing removal, there was inadequate immunisation or administration of incorrect prophylactic drugs. Any country that purports to uphold human rights and look after its vulnerable people has a duty to ensure that required prevention and treatment is given to all. Cutting corners in the treatment of asylum seekers and their children is simply disgraceful."
Sources:
- The Lancet, Vol. 376, Issue 9751, Page 1438, 30 October 2010
- Medical Justice, Download the report
The UK Border Agency has announced today the suspension of the return of asylum seekers to Greece under the Dublin Regulation. With immediate effect, the backlog of approximately 1300 cases and all new cases will have their applications heard in the UK, and not Greece. This will come as a great relief to all those facing return to the "broken asylum system" of Greece. The decision-making process in the UK leaves a lot to be desired but at least we have legal aid (for now, and only just) and the initial success rate is more than Greece's 1%.
Medical Justice, which sends doctors to the centres, said more than half of the children in the 141 cases it had looked at since April 2004 suffered psychological harm, with symptoms including bed wetting, loss of bowel control, heightened anxiety and food refusal.
Source:
Doctors of the World UK will run a nurse-led weekly clinic at Notre Dame Refugee Centre (NDRC) on Leicester Square. This clinic will be an extension of its Project: London outreach activities, which provide advice, support and interim healthcare to vulnerable people who are unable to access healthcare. It will specialise in work with Francophone patients but will be open to all refugees and asylum seekers.
Sources:
Britain's new Immigration Minister announced that children would no longer be detained. The United Kingdom has often been criticised for keeping more than 1,000 children a year in detention centres. 'Refugee and Migrant Justice' applauds the new government for "recognising the inhumanity of this practice which treats children like criminals when they have done no crime and can leave scars for life. We hope that this will be implemented immediately and that whatever measures are brought in to replace detention will put the welfare and safety of these children first."
Sources:
- Refugee and Migrant Justice, 'Government pledge to end detention of children welcomed by Refugee and Migrant Justice'
- ECRE Weekly Bulletin, 21 may 2010
Detaining children in an immigration detention centre is "extremely distressing and harmful", according to a highly critical report on the conditions in the Yarl's Wood Immigration centre published by the Children's Commissioner for England. The report highlights a number of problems in the Yarl's Wood centre where more than 1,000 children are held every year. These include a failure to assess "even at an elementary level" the general psychological wellbeing of a child on arrival and a failure to recognise psychological harm when faced with dramatic changes in a child's behaviour. The UK Border Agency dismissed the report as "misguided and wrong" and insisted that they take the detention of families "very seriously" and use it only as a last resort. In response to the findings, Donna Covey, Chief Executive of the UK Refugee Council, said that: "These are children we are talking about. It is unacceptable that they are detained at all. Even if all the Commissioner's recommendations about procedure were followed to the letter, there is no escaping the harm that is caused by locking children up."
Source: ECRE Weekly Bulletin, 19 February 2010
Conditions at a privately run immigration removal centre have deteriorated so much that they are now "wholly unacceptable" for women and children, the chief inspector of prisons says today. The results of the unannounced inspection in October published on 18 December show that the centre has developed a "more prison-like culture" in the past 18 months and previous fears about the plight of a small number of children and women at this largely male establishment have grown.
Source: The Guardian, 18 December.
Depuis ce 15 juillet, les demandeurs d’asile déboutés ont, au Pays de Galles, un accès aux soins de santé égal à celui des résidents ordinaires.